I think the point there is that immigration is used as a way to paper over the fact that living conditions in a country discourage people from actually having kids. It would not be necessary if people had maternal leave, sufficient time to raise children, social services, and so on.
Which simply means that those countries also have societal pressures which favor not having children despite the measures they may be taking. Birth rates don’t decline because of magic, it’s a response to systemic pressures. It should be obvious that it’s possible to create different pressures within the society that favor different choices.
Immigration can compensate for that, in countries that allow for immigration.
I think the point there is that immigration is used as a way to paper over the fact that living conditions in a country discourage people from actually having kids. It would not be necessary if people had maternal leave, sufficient time to raise children, social services, and so on.
Many countries have those things and it has had no effect on birth rates.
Once birth rates start declining it doesn’t seem to be reversible within a single generation.
Which simply means that those countries also have societal pressures which favor not having children despite the measures they may be taking. Birth rates don’t decline because of magic, it’s a response to systemic pressures. It should be obvious that it’s possible to create different pressures within the society that favor different choices.