Violence by armed groups has escalated in Haiti, the poorest country in the Caribbean. The issues go back to the era in which Haiti was ruled by the colonizing power France.

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    “Paradoxically, the victors paid reparations to those who had been vanquished, also out of fear of another military invasion,” Jean-Claude Bruffaerts, one of the co-authors of the 2022 book "Haïti-France.

    “Slavery creates a breeding ground for political instability, and the divisions in society caused by it do not simply disappear,” she told DW.

    Jean Fritzner Etienne, a Haitian historian at Universite Paris 8, said Haiti’s debts helped bolster hierarchical power structures.

    When asked by DW at a recent press conference whether there was any intent to repay the debt, the French Foreign Ministry replied that this was “not currently under discussion.”

    He added that the international community had contributed directly to the current situation by supporting Henry, who was unpopular from the start, after theassassination of President Jovenel Moise in July 2021.

    “With the help of the so-called Montana Group — with representatives from civil society, the church and trade unions — a transitional government should be formed, and a decision made on whether to station international troops in the country, and if yes, how.”


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